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The national vocational education reform implementation plan
2019, the State Council officially issued a heavy document on vocational education, which is the "National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan" (referred to as the "Plan"). As a document that implements the spirit of the National Education Conference, the "Chinese Education Modernization 2035" and "Accelerating the Implementation of Education Modernization" are connected. The set of established tasks in the conversation period, detailed the decision -making deployment of vocational education in the new era into several specific actions, and proposed 20 policies and measures in 7 aspects, so it is also called "20 Vocational Education".
I. Drafting the background of the "Plan"
Vocational education is an important breakthrough in deepening education reform, and ordinary education is two types of education. After the development of vocational education is well developed, it can provide students with a variety of talents into a talent, and effectively divert the pressure of the college entrance examinations to advance, avoid the phenomenon of "thousands of troops and thousands of horses," and create better conditions for deepening education reform. At present, it is necessary to promote high -quality development and strengthen the real economy. It requires sufficient technical and skillful talents as support. Vocational education shoulder the functions of inheriting technical skills and cultivating diverse talents, connecting market demand, and carrying out vocational education and training on a larger scale. Help students master the skills of one skill and achieve higher quality and more full employment and entrepreneurship. However, compared with the requirements of the central government and the needs of economic and social development, my country's vocational education is still facing the existence of social knowledge and the narrow channels for the development of technical and skillful talents; Undefeating intensity, the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in schools is not high. Therefore, we must deeply grasp the situation and tasks faced by vocational education, the overall situation, implementing policies, solving problems, and promoting the continuous reform and development of vocational education in the new era.
"Plan" with the requirements of "one judgment", "three changes" and "four main attack directions", "one judgment" is mainly that vocational education already has favorable conditions and a certain foundation. when. "Three changes" refers to the transformation of the development model, that is, we must change from the direction of focusing on the quantity to the quality of quality. The changes in the direction of type education with more distinctive school characteristics.
. The content of the scheme
is to improve the modern vocational education system. Improve the modern vocational education system with equal emphasis on academic education and training, and continuously cultivate hundreds of millions of high -quality industries for all walks of life.
It is to improve the national vocational education system framework. Start the pilot work of the 1 X certificate system to cultivate composite technical skills.
It is to promote the "dual" education mechanism of school -enterprise enterprises, pay close attention to the reform of teachers, textbooks, and teaching and law, and fight a vocational education and upgrade battles.
Fourth is to build a diversified school -running pattern and focus on stimulating the endogenous motivation of enterprises to participate and organize vocational education.
Five is to improve the incentives and guarantee policies of technical skills talents, implement relevant policies to improve the treatment of technical and technical talents, and improve the funding mechanism.
Is to strengthen the quality supervision and evaluation of vocational education schools, establish a vocational education quality evaluation system, and support the establishment of a national vocational education guidance consulting committee.
Seven is to do a good job in the implementation of the reform organization, strengthen the party's comprehensive leadership of vocational education, and establish a joint meeting system for the State Council's vocational education work.
02
1 x certificate system
The "Plan" clearly states that in vocational colleges and applied undergraduate colleges and universities to launch a certificate of education vocational skills level certificate system, that is, the 1 X certificate we say system. Encourage students to obtain multiple types of vocational skills level certificates while obtaining their academic certificates. Starting the 1 X certificate system pilot is an important measure to promote the training model and evaluation model reform of technical and skillful talent training models, improve the quality of talent training, is an important way to expand employment and entrepreneurship and alleviate structural employment contradictions. It is of great significance to promote the modernization of education and build a strong human resources.
Coustay certificate is a voucher for the level of professional skills of graduates and members of society, and it is also the identification of learning results. Certificate reflects the requirements of job group capabilities, reflects the comprehensive capabilities required for professional activities and personal career development, and comprehensively covers professional knowledge, professional literacy and skill operations. It is divided into primary, intermediate and senior. In the pilot work, colleges and universities must further play the role of academic qualifications, consolidate the foundation of students' sustainable development, deal with the relationship between 1 and X, adhere to the combination of training training, internal and external combinations, and length combination to promote the integration of the documentary certificate, reform the reform model reform model reform Drive the improvement of vocational education quality.
Coustay Certificate Certificate is an important content of the 1 X certificate system, and it is a new type of certificate. The development and implementation of the vocational skills level certificate will further transform government functions in accordance with the reform requirements of "decentralization of service", improve the social participation mechanism, recruit training and evaluation organizations for the society, implement catalog management, and establish an exit mechanism. The training evaluation organization connects vocational standards, is in line with international advanced standards, develops vocational skills level standards in accordance with relevant regulations, and is responsible for implementing vocational skills assessment, evaluation and issuing certificates. The Ministry of Education will cooperate with industry departments and industry organizations, and actively play the role of expert organizations such as the National Industry Education and Teaching Guidance Committee, and regularly conduct "dual -random, one open" supervision on the work of vocational skills level certificates. Monitor and evaluate the quality of behavior and vocational colleges. According to the requirements of the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, the implementation of the implementation of the vocational skills level certificate outside the university and the college within the scope of duties and the education administrative department shall be implemented. The skill level certificate has the same effect, and the person with a certificate enjoys the same treatment.
1 X certificate system construction is a systematic project, which must be advanced from the pilot. In the next step, we will jointly study and formulate pilot plans with relevant departments, adhere to the principles of government guidance, market regulation, training combination, quality of training, high quality, standardization of norms, pilot first, and steady progress. Focusing on advanced manufacturing, modern service industry and strategic emerging industries, the pilot work is deployed.
1 X certificate system reflects the important characteristics of vocational education as a type of education. It is an important system design for implementing the fundamental tasks of Lideshu, improving the vocational education and training system, and deepening the integration of industry and education integration. Essence This system design has a long -term problem of incomplete vocational education and economic and social development, mobilize the enthusiasm of social forces to participate in vocational education, deepen the reform of composite technical skills talent training model and evaluation model reform, open up the growth channel of technical and technical talents, promote employment employment Entrepreneurship has an important role, and it is also an important basic project for building a national qualification framework. It is of great significance and far -reaching impact.
03
"Jewelry and Jade Appraisal Vocational Skills Level Certificate"
Professional skills certificate is an important measure for the jewelry industry to train composite technical skills. As a training evaluation organization, Zhongbao Review (Beijing) Education Technology Co., Ltd. is responsible for the launch of the pilot work of the 1 X certificate system.
. Applicable colleges and universities
1. Middle vocational schools: treasure jade identification and testing, jewelry and jade processing and marketing.
2. High -level vocational schools: Bao Jade identification and processing, jewelry design and technology, jade design and technology, bead
jewelry technology and management, etc.
3. Application undergraduate schools: gems and material technology, product design, art design, etc.
. Occupational positions (groups)
mainly facing enterprises, institutions, governments, etc. with jewelry and jade identification and evaluation of related business departments, engaged in laboratory jewelry and jade testing, jewelry product sales management, jewelry design of jewelry, jewelry design Production, jade carving, gem pondering, jewelry network broadcast, jewelry value assessment, jewelry scientific research teaching, and jewelry exhibition planning, etc., according to the characteristics of jewelry and jade appraisal and appraisal instrument operation, realize jewelry, diamonds, optimization of gems, synthetic gemstone, synthetic gemstone Waiting for appraisal and quality evaluation.
04
. The pilot work description meeting of the certificate
It's spirit of implementing the "Implementation Plan for National Vocational Education Reform", implement the "Implementation of Implementation of Institutions" Education Certificate Several Vocational Skills Level Certificate "System Pilot Program" system "system" system "system" system "system" system "system" system pilot solution "system" (Faculty Cheng Cheng [2019] No. 6) and other policies and document requirements to better carry out the pilot work of "1 X" jewelry and jade appraisal vocational skills level certificate. Zhongbao Review (Beijing) Education Technology Co., Ltd. will be on 4th of 2020 At 14 o'clock on the 15th, the online platform will be launched with 1 X jewelry and jade appraisal vocational skills level certificate pilot work briefing.
. Certificate pilot work description meeting content
1.1 X certificate system policy background Introduction
2. Training evaluation organization introduction and jewelry enterprise employment analysis
3. Jewelry and jade appraisal vocational skills Level standard interpretation
4. Introduction to the pilot work promotion plan
5. Answering communication
. Participants
leaders, discipline leaders and professional backbone teachers, academic affairs office, academic affairs office, office The person in charge of the relevant administrative departments of the school -enterprise cooperation department, the training office, and other relevant administrative departments, social training institutions, and relevant business personnel.
three, participation method